Ok, sooooo here it is:
1. How do I figure out my charter code?
2.How do I heal my colonists? (or do I just not... :/ )
You don't have a charter code until you gain Independence, at which point your colony code becomes your charter code.
By building medical facilities. They can be found under the Government category. If you do not have sufficient technology and/or atmosphere then all you can do is hope they get better.
Commonwealth of Groddle
Groddle | Bell's Pyramid | Glitch
you can check which charter code you get once you are independent with looking at the last part of your colony website /********/
Its me Lego.